" The Pasig River "

The Pasig River is technically a tidal estuary, as the flow direction depends upon the water-level difference between Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay. During the dry season, the water level in Laguna de Bay is low and the flow direction of the Pasig River depends on the tides. During the wet season, when the water level of Laguna de Bay is high, flow is normally from Laguna de Bay towards Manila Bay.

The Pasig River used to be an important transport route in Spanish Manila. Due to negligence and industrial development, the river has become very polluted and is considered dead (unable to sustain life) by ecologists. The Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission(PRRC) was established to oversee rehabilitation efforts for the river. Supporting the PRRC are private sector organizations, i.e. Clean and Green Foundation, Inc. that implemented the Piso para sa Pasig campaign.

Before the mass urbanization of Manila, the Pasig River served as an important means of transport; it was the city's lifeline and center of economic activity. Some of the most prominent kingdoms in early Philippine history, including the kingdoms of Namayan, Maynila, and Tondo grew up along the banks of the river, drawing their life and source of wealth from it. When the Spanish established Manila as the capital of their colonial properties in the Far East, they built the walled city ofIntramuros on the southern bank of Pasig River near its mouth.

Pasig Rier in the Future !!!

THANKS !! :)

*jutine sodela *jannica mendoza*vveronica gerometta *desto caguioa*faye ramos

WATER POLLUTION !!

   

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.

Water pollution can come from a number of different sources. If the pollution comes from a single source, such as an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. If the pollution comes from many sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution.

Most types of pollution affect the immediate area surrounding the source. Sometimes the pollution may affect the environment hundreds of miles away from the source, such as nuclear waste, this is called transboundary pollution.

TYPES:

SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

GROUNDWATER

MICROBIOLOGICAL

OXYGEN DEPLETING

NUTRIENTS

SUSPENDED MATTER

CHEMICAL

CAUSES:

SEWAGE and WASTE WATER

INDUSTRIAL WASTE

OIL POLLUTION

ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION

MARINE DUMPING

RADIOACTIVE WASTE

UNDERGROUND STORAGE LEAKAGES

GLOBAL WARMING

EUTHROPICATION 

PREVENTING:

What you can do ??

If you want to help keep our waters clean, there are many things you can do to help. You can prevent water pollution of nearby rivers and lakes as well as groundwater and drinking water by following some simple guidelines in your everyday life.

• Conserve water by turning off the tap when running water is not necessary. This helps prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of contaminated water that needs treatment.

• Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet. Don’t throw paints, oils or other forms of litter down the drain.

• Use environmentally household products, such as washing powder, household cleaning agents and toiletries.

• Take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilisers. This will prevent runoffs of the material into nearby water sources.

• By having more plants in your garden you are preventing fertiliser, pesticides and contaminated water from running off into nearby water sources.

• Don’t throw litter into rivers, lakes or oceans. Help clean up any litter you see on beaches or in rivers and lakes, make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a nearby dustbin.

Is HIV Rash Itchy ?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus that is responsible to cause AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a life threatening condition that targets and destroys vital cells in the body. The patients diagnosed with HIV infection have multiple symptoms. Nevertheless, HIV rashes on the skin are one of the common symptoms found in the victims.

How does HIV Rash occur?

The skin rashes in patients with HIV infection occur due to fall in the number of white blood cell (WBC) count. The HIV rashes can occur at any stage of infection but generally, they are noticed after 2-3 weeks of the contract with virus. Nevertheless, those who skip this phase may develop HIV rashes later in their infectious period.

Where in body HIV Rashes are found

HIV rashes can occur at any part of the body. It is the result of body’s immune system fighting the infection of HIV. It can also happen due to adverse drug reaction (as side effects of medicines used to treat HIV infection) or allergy during the infection period. Most of The HIV rashes may subside on their own, rashes because of drug reaction may require strict medical attention.

In any case, if rashes occur during HIV infection, it is better see HIV physician immediately. This helps in early diagnosis and so better treatment.

HIV Rash Symptoms

Following are the features of HIV rashes seen in patients.

1. The patient develops brown or red lump like pimples. They appear like eczema and are formed in clusters
2. HIV infection may cause lesion as a result of peeling of skin
3. HIV rash could be itchy in some rare cases
4. Though HIV rashes may occur at any part of body in some rare cases genitals, eyes and mouth (buccal cavity) are affected
5. Rashes due to HIV infection are not transmissible, and they last up to 2-3 weeks

At times, there are other symptoms observed along with HIV rashes. They are mentioned below:

• Amnesia (loss of memory)
• Loose motion
• FUO (fever of unknown origin)
• Muscle pain
• Cramps and body ache
• Enlargement of glands
• Blurred or hazy vision
• Anorexia (loss of appetite) and due to this, weight loss
• Joint pain

Herpes as the main cause of HIV Rashes

HIV infected person, if suffering from the condition of herpes is more likely to develop rashes. Also, HIV if accompanied by herpes makes the case worst. Both cases are serious STDs, and the mortality rate in such patients is extremely high.

The rashes occurring in this condition are present with other symptoms of herpes. The rashes are reddish and filled with fluid. After some days, they burst and spread. If the condition is not controlled soon, it may result in the death of the patient.

Prevention and Treatment of HIV Rash

The treatment of HIV rash depends upon the causes and responsible factor. If it is due to side effects of the medicines, it is advised to stop, and alternative medicines are prescribed. The patients may consider below mentioned points in order to prevent HIV rash from occurrence.

1. Over the counter medicine such as Hydrocortisone cream may help alleviate the itching from HIV rashes
2. Direct sunlight, cold climate or extreme heat –these are triggering factors for HIV rashes. To get rid of HIV rashes, one should avoid all these.
3. Hot water worsens the case and thus the sufferer should not take a bath with hot water or shower. Instead, cold water bath (or better sponging) is advisable
4. Unprotected sex, blood transfusion or any fluid of the body should be avoided to come in contact with the other person
5. Wearing soft cotton clothes is advisable. Tight fitting attire may worsen the case of HIV rash
6. Try to avoid bathing with chemical based soap. Instead, go for herbal body wash
7. In order to heal and treat HIV rash other than drug over reaction, let main medicine course (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy – HAART) to improve t-cell count continue. This may help treat the symptoms like HIV rash as well.

HIV Rash Pictures:

THANK YOU FOR READING :)

You and Me Against the City

" Daily Life "

One of the possible locations to meet the people of the Philippines and to discover parts of the daily life of many Filipinos, is the market. The local markets in a big city or regional town are most of the time crowded and colorful. The sellers, young older, will welcome foreigner in stall. They are always prepared for a friendly talk, even if you don't buy. The Phillippines is one of the developing countries where the sellers don't molest a foreigner in an attempt to sell.  Most of the Filipinos speak English rather good, so, communication is not a problem.

The term quality of life (QOL) references the general well-being of individuals and societies. The term is used in a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, and politics. Quality of life should not be confused with the concept of standard of living, which is based primarily on income. Instead, standard indicators of the quality of life include not only wealth and employment but also the built environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, and social belonging.

Members:

Justine Sodela 

Jannica Mendoza 

Veronica Gerrometa

Dhezto Caguioa

Faye Ramos